Which energy reform change occurred around 2013-2014?

Which energy reform change occurred around 2013-2014?

• A. It opened Pemex and electricity markets to private investment and competition.
• B. It nationalized the energy sector.
• C. It created Pemex as a private corporation.
• D. It merged Pemex with a private foreign company.

Answer: (A)

The energy reform change tested here is the opening of Pemex and electricity markets to private investment and competition. In 2013–2014, Mexico undertook a broad set of reforms that allowed private companies to participate in oil exploration and production, refining, and in the electricity sector, you could have private generation and participation under new regulatory rules. Pemex and the Federal Electricity Commission (CFE) remained state-owned, but they no longer held exclusive control over the markets, paving the way for competition and diverse private players. This shift contrasts with nationalization, creating Pemex as a private company, or merging Pemex with a foreign firm, none of which occurred then.