How has party fragmentation evolved in Mexican politics after the PRI's decline?

How has party fragmentation evolved in Mexican politics after the PRI's decline?

• A. The party system remained single-party dominated
• B. New parties emerged (MORENA, etc.), increasing multiparty competition and coalitions
• C. All parties merged into a single party
• D. The PRI regained dominance

Answer: (B)

The main idea here is that Mexico moved from a system dominated by one party to a more plural, competitive party landscape after the PRI’s decline. When the PRI no longer controlled the presidency and Congress, new actors entered the scene, most notably MORENA, along with existing parties like PVEM, PT, and MC, and parties began forming coalitions to win elections and govern. This increased multiparty competition means no single party can assume easy majorities, leading to more negotiated coalitions, diverse policy platforms, and a more fluid, dynamic party system. The shift reflects broader changes in how Mexican elections are won and how political power is distributed across a wider array of political groups.